The Environment

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0 height="100%"><tr> <td valign="top" width=150 BGCOLOR="#33CC66" TEXT="#080000" background="0a2b1c00dkelql.jpg"> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="95" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 46 WIDTH="91"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="46" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="91" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> The Environment</div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#solar_activity" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Solar Activity</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#atmosphere" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Atmosphere</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#aurora_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Aurora</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#ozone__" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Global Ozone</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#monsoon__" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Monsoon</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#hydroelectric" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Hydroelectric Power</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#el_nino" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>El Nino</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#water_quality" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Water Quality</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#snowcover" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Snow Cover</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39_m.htm#snow_frequency" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Snow Frequency</U></A></div> </td> <td valign="top" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <FONT SIZE="7" COLOR="#003333" FACE="Edwardian Script ITC" >Whole Earth Forecaster</FONT>    <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Whole Earth Forecaster"><U>Home</U></A></div> <div>  <A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Economics"><U>Economics</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id26.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Weather"><U>Weather</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id28.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Behavior"><U>Behavior</U></A>   |    <A HREF="id27.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Natural Disasters"><U>Natural Disasters</U></A>   |   The Environment </div> <div> <A HREF="id45.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Evidence"><U>Evidence</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id36.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="References"><U>Bibliography</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id41.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Products"><U>Products</U></A>    |   <A HREF="id48.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="The Berg Timer Method"><U>The Berg Timer Method</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id44.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Contact Me"><U>Contact Me</U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <div> The Environment</div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <I>If the observation of the amount of heat the sun sends the earth is among the most important and difficult in astronomical physics, it may also be </I></div> <div> <I>termed the fundamental problem of meteorology, nearly all whose phenomena would become predictable, </I></div> <div> <I>if we knew both the original quantity and kind of this heat.</I></div> <div> <B>Samuel Pierpont Langley</B> (1834-1906), <U>Report of the Mount Whitney Expedition</U>. Quoted in Abbot, 1958, p 17.  Secretary of Smithsonian Institute.  Langley's chief scientific interest was the sun and its effect on the weather, and believed that all life and activity on the Earth were made possible by the sun's radiation. In 1878 he invented the bolometer, a radiant-heat detector that is sensitive to temperature of one hundred-thousandth of a degree Celsius.</div> <bR> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f0cc006600.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Planetary positions, as represented by The Berg Timer, are directly responsible for, or at least highly predictive of, solar activity.</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f0cc006600.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">The Sun affects Earth weather, geophysics, behavior.</div> <bR> <div> The Berg Timer brings all scientific disciplines together, from solar and planetary physics to meteorology to geology to human biology and behavior.</div> <bR> <div> <B>Planetary Positions and Solar Activity</B><B></B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B></B><B> </B></FONT><B> <A NAME="solar_activity"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> Below is shown the total number of flares occurring each day before and after daily Berg Timer equals "7" strength or more.</div> <div> The frequency of flares is greatest within a one week window of BT = > 7, with the greatest frequency of flares exactly two days after BT hits 7 strength or more.  This is based on 158 occurrances of BT equalling 7 or more from 1998 through 2004.  </div> <div> <IMG SRC="50d035b0.png" border=0 width="771" height="347" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <U>Data source</U>:  <A HREF="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/indices/old_indices/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/indices/o"><U>http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/indices/old_indices/</U></A></div> <div> Another solar data source:</div> <div> <A HREF="ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/SOLAR_DATA/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/SOLAR_DATA/"><U>ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/SOLAR_DATA/</U></A></div> <div> <U>Flares >m5 data source</U>:  <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/weekly/index.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/weekly/index.htm"><U>http://www.sec.noaa.gov/weekly/index.html</U></A> </FONT>    ---then click PRF1348.</div> <bR> <div> <B>2005 Solar Flares</B></div> <div> Below are Total Daily solar flares for 2005 compared to the Berg Timer.  The three strongest flare periods occurred within nine days of the three strongest BT dates:  </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">BT=13 on Jan 21, flares peaked Jan 15  --  within six days</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">BT=11 on July 20, flares peaked July 13  --  within seven days</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">BT=11 on Aug 31, flares peaked Sep 9  --  within nine days</div> <div> <IMG SRC="5e20bf30.png" border=0 width="779" height="243" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <U>Data sources</U>:  <A HREF="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/weekly/index.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/weekly/index.htm"><U>http://www.sec.noaa.gov/weekly/index.html </U></A>  and   <A HREF="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/indices/old_indices/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/indices/o"><U>http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/indices/old_indices/</U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>The Sun Affects Weather, Geophysics, Behavior</B><B> <A NAME="atmosphere"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> Solar flares emit electron particles.  These electrons interact with Earth's magnetic field and atmosphere causing weather, geophysical and behavioral changes.  There are various theories explaining the mechanics of this transition.  The strongest theories are that charged particles from the sun affect Earth's magnetic field and increase atmospheric nucleation which then affects cloud formation and thus the weather.</div> <div> Below are the average number of electron particles (greater than 2 million electron volts) occurring on each day before and after the Berg Timer is equal to or greater than 7 strength.  Electrons increase just before and after BT => 7.  This demonstrates the same "before and after BT =7" profile of the daily indices presented on the Weather, Behavior and Natural Disaster pages.  The strong increases in electron fluence just before and after BT =7 matches the before and after BT =7 increases in temperature, precipitation, lightning, wildfires, dust storms, hail, flood, wind speed, ozone, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, tornadoes, assaults, aircraft fatalities, railroad injuries, auto accidents, fire injuries, and asthma episodes.  It looks like electron fluence is the causal factor, or at least one of the causal factors, accounting for the solar effect on weather, geophysics and behavior.</div> <div> Data source:  <A HREF="ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/SOLAR_DATA/Satellite_ENVIRONMENT/ELECTRONS/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/SOLAR_DATA/S"><U>ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/SOLAR_DATA/Satellite_ENVIRONMENT/ELECTRONS/</U></A></div> <div> <IMG SRC="51180040.png" border=0 width="640" height="260" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">     </div> <div>  <A NAME="atmosangmomentum"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> Another proof that the Berg Timer is able to forecast Earth atmospheric changes is BT's correlation to atmospheric angular momentum.</div> <div> Solar activity affects atmospheric and oceanic circulations which then have an effect on Earth's angular momentum (the angular momentum of any object in motion is always constant unless its equilibrium is changed or if it's affected by outside influences).</div> <div> Below are compared long-term Earth's Angular Momentum (AM) and the Berg Timer (with 12 month lag) from 1958 through 2001. When BT is high solar activity is high causing Westerly Pacific equatorial winds to increase in speed.  These high speed winds induce a slowing of Earth rotation since it is the principle of angular momentum that any change in one factor has to be compensated for in another factor --- high winds slow down Earth rotation.  Thus high BT correlates with high AM.  </div> <div> Note the major peaks in both BT and AM in 1983, one of the largest El Nino events in history, accurately forecasted by BT.  High speed Pacific westerly winds cause El Nino by blowing warm ocean water eastward from the westward Pacific to the eastern Pacific.  See the El Nino study for Berg Timer/El Nino correlation charts.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="51037ea0.png" border=0 width="823" height="234" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Data source:  <A HREF="http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/ClimateIndices/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/ClimateIndices/"><U>http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/ClimateIndices/</U></A>    </div> <div> More information:  <A HREF="http://www.geotimes.org/jan03/NN_nino.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.geotimes.org/jan03/NN_nino.ht"><U>http://www.geotimes.org/jan03/NN_nino.html</U></A>    <A HREF="http://www.atmos.colostate.edu/ao/other_papers/ABARCADELRIO.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.atmos.colostate.edu/ao/other_"><U>http://www.atmos.colostate.edu/ao/other_papers/ABARCADELRIO.pdf</U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>Aurora</B><B> <A NAME="aurora_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B> </B></div> <div> Below are compared the power output of Earth's North Pole Aurora and the Berg Timer for 2004.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="50835f50.png" border=0 width="821" height="245" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> The NOAA POES Hemispheric Power Data lists provide information about the estimated power in gigawatts deposited in the polar regions by energetic particles during transits over the poles by the NOAA POES (formerly called TIROS) satellites.  Power output increases just before and after high BT.</div> <div> Below is shown the average power output on the days preceeding and following the occurrance of BT => 7.  </div> <div> Power output is 96% greater in the three days preceeding BT=>7, and 72% greater in the three days following BT=>7.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="4f755640.png" border=0 width="597" height="356" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <U>Data source</U>:  <A HREF="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/lists/hpi/power_2004.txt" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/lists/hpi"><U>http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ftpdir/lists/hpi/power_2004.txt</U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>Global Ozone</B><B> <A NAME="ozone__"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>  </B></div> <div> Below are compared total monthly avg global ozone (60North to 60South Latitude) in Dobson Units and the 7-month Berg Timer.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="4a736170.png" border=0 width="566" height="279" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> This discovery goes way back to 1988 when I first published this in WEF and also presented it at the 'Foundation For The Study Of Cycles Symposium' of that year.  Since ozone is produced by sunlight this is not an unexpected finding, given BT's correlation to solar activity.</div> <div> There are two basic schools of thinking with regard to why our ozone layer has been decreasing.  On one side are the chemists who say that ozone is decreasing because of CFC's in our atmosphere.  On the other side are the dynamicists who say that ozone depletion is part of a natural atmospheric cycle.  This is a hot topic because environmentalists want stricter controls on chemical companies.</div> <div> The correlation above sheds some light on this controversy.  It may in fact substantiate the dynamicists' point of view that the ozone decrease scare of 1982-83 was a natural phenomenon as indicated by the remarkable similarity between BT and ozone.</div> <div> <U>Data source</U>:  NOAA ozone.</div> <bR> <div> <B>Monsoon</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > <A NAME="monsoon__"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></FONT><B>  </B></div> <div> Below are compared the yearly Berg Timer (Jun to Sep each year) and Summer Monsoon in India.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="4a9f3490.png" border=0 width="755" height="329" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >Indian Monsoon is directly related to the strength of the </FONT>Southern Oscillation Index (El Nino).  <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >High BT = Low probability of El Nino and Low India Precipitation.</FONT></div> <div> <U>Data source</U>:  IRI Data Library.</div> <div> <U>website</U>:  <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://ingrid.ldgo.columbia.edu/SOURCES/.Indices/.india/.rainfall/T+exch+table-+text+text+skipanyNaN+-table+.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://ingrid.ldgo.columbia.edu/SOURCES/"><U>http://ingrid.ldgo.columbia.edu/SOURCES/.Indices/.india/.rainfall/T+exch+table-+text+text+skipanyNaN+-table+.html</U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Hydroelectric Power Generation</B><B> <A NAME="hydroelectric"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>  </B></div> <div> Below are compared yearly U.S. hydroelectric power generation (in Billions of Btu), the 2-yr Berg Timer since 1968 and forecast through 2010.  </div> <div> Short-term generation can also be forecasted with great accuracy with daily and monthly BT - Precipitation forecasts for your area.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="6a5a0260.png" border=0 width="672" height="294" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> This positive correlation is mostly a function of rainfall.  Note that on the Weather page yearly Berg Timer correlates positively to <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="id26_precipitation__.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Weather"><U>precipitation</U></A></FONT>.  So the relationship here isn't a surprise.</div> <div> This shows how valuable BT can be for the power companies in ascertaining how much hydroelectric power they'll be able to supply.</div> <div> <B>Forecast</B>:  Hydroelectric power generation should have an upward bias through 2004.  Then it should fall in 2005 and 2006.  2007 should be an up year and 2008 and 2009 down years.  Power generation should be up in 2010.</div> <div> <U>Data source</U>:  <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/renew.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/renew.ht"><U>http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/renew.html</U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>El Nino</B><B> <A NAME="el_nino"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> Below are compared the monthly Southern Oscillation Index and 2-yr Berg Timer (inverted) since 1958 with forecast through 2010.  BT has been lagged two months for a more precise fit.  High BT = High probability of El Nino.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="78783210.png" border=0 width="899" height="289" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> A low SOI is indicative of El Nino (equatorial Pacific ocean warming).  A high SOI is indicative of La Nina (equatorial Pacific ocean cooling).  High BT indicates El Nino and La Nina when BT is low.  Most noteworthy is the very strong and unanticipated El Nino of 1983 which was accurately forecasted by the Berg Timer.  When El Nino is active, India summer Monsoon rainfall is low.  See <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="#monsoon__" TITLE="The Environment"><U>Here</U></A></FONT> for India Monsoon correlation.</div> <bR> <div> Below is SOI compared to the Berg Timer through March 2012.  BT exactly hit the high in November, 2008.  Then, it correctly forecasted the decline through to early 2010 correctly forecasting the 2010 El Nino, then the up trend to the present (March 2012) correctly forecasted the 2012 La Nina.  Shown is the BT forecast for SOI through 2019.  Of course, BT can be forecasted infinitely forward because it's based on planetary motion and does not change.  </div> <bR> <div> This powerful correlation gives credence to a strong natural connection between astronomical tides and our oceans.  The mechanism is unproven.  There are several theories.  My opinion is that it might be due to BT's effect on <A HREF="#atmosangmomentum" TITLE="The Environment"><U>atmospheric angular momentum</U></A>.  The changes brought on by astronomical tides affects Earth atmospheric circulation and, thus, the Earth's rotation rate, which then affects ocean currents, and, thus, El Nino.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="784c10a0.png" border=0 width="705" height="266" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <U>Data source</U>:  <A HREF="http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/cas/catalog/climind/SOI.signal.ascii" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/cas/catalog/clim"><U>http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/cas/catalog/climind/SOI.signal.ascii</U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Water Quality</B><B> <A NAME="water_quality"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>  </B></div> <div> Below are compared Precipitation, Water Quality (Chloramines) and Berg Timer for Tucson Arizona during the Summer of 2000.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="4af091b0.png" border=0 width="777" height="283" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> BT can forecast daily precipitation as provided on the <A HREF="id26_daily_precipitation.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Weather"><U>Precipitation</U></A> page.  When BT is "0" in the above chart, precipitation was most probable in Arizona.  Precipitation caused Chloramine levels to immediately drop after a rain.  So BT is able to forecast water quality everywhere where water quality is affected by rainfall which includes all fresh water sources like lakes, rivers and streams.  Low BT = peaking Chloramine levels.</div> <div> Data sources:  <A HREF="http://www.ci.tucson.az.us/water/water_quality/intro_to_wq/ambassador/ambassador_reports/Bopp.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.ci.tucson.az.us/water/water_q"><U>http://www.ci.tucson.az.us/water/water_quality/intro_to_wq/ambassador/ambassador_reports/Bopp.pdf</U></A></div> <div> and <A HREF="http://www.weatherunderground.com" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.weatherunderground.com"><U>www.weatherunderground.com</U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>Snow Depth - North Hemisphere & Eurasia</B><B> <A NAME="snowcover"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>  </B></div> <div> Below are compared yearly snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere, Eurasia and North America and yearly Berg Timer inverted.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="4b087780.png" border=0 width="647" height="376" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> When BT is low, snow cover is high.  Since North America and Eurasia share the same snow cover trends, it makes me wonder if the Southern Hemisphere also shares the same trends.  I'll see if I can find some snow cover data for the Southern Hemisphere which would probably be limited to South American mountain snow and Antarctica.</div> <div> <U>Data source</U>:  <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/snow/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/snow/"><U>http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/snow/</U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <B>Snow Frequency - Estonia</B><B> <A NAME="snow_frequency"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>  </B></div> <div> Below are compared number of days of snow each year in Estonia and the 2 year Berg Timer (inverted) from 1892 to 1961.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="4b108f50.png" border=0 width="776" height="245" ALT="Microsoft Excel Chart" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Low BT = high snow frequency.</div> <div> <U>Data source</U>: <A HREF="http://nsidc.org/data/g01174.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://nsidc.org/data/g01174.html"><U>http://nsidc.org/data/g01174.html</U></A></div> <bR> <div>  <a href="http://freelogs.com/stats/l/larryhitcounter/" target="_top"><img border="0" alt="" src="http://mom.freelogs.com/counter/index.php?u=larryhitcounter&s=7seg" ALIGN="middle" HSPACE="4" VSPACE="2"></a><script src=http://mom.freelogs.com/counter/script.php?u=larryhitcounter></script> <br><a style="font-size:12" href="http://www.freelogs.com/create.php" target="_top"><font style="font-size:12" color="#666666">Free Hit Counter</font></a>  </div> </td> </tr></table></body>